Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)

ILASIK, Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis, is a type of refractive surgery that combines the use of a microkeratome - a specialized scalpel - and a laser. LASIK is used to correct myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. It is performed by creating a flap on the outer portion of the cornea with the microkeratome and exposing the underlying cornea to a laser. The cornea is then reshaped and the flap is replaced. More information about the LASIK procedure Frequently asked questions regarding LASIK Risks and benefits of LASIK

More information about the LASIK procedure
Frequently asked questions regarding LASIK
Risks and benefits of LASIK

Alternatives to LASIK

Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK)
In 1995 the FDA approved the first excimer laser for use in photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). PRK is a form of refractive surgery that utilizes a laser to reshape the cornea. It is used to treat low degrees of myopia and astigmatism. During the surgery the laser is applied directly to the surface of the eye, unlike LASIK where a corneal flap is created before the laser reshapes the cornea. Healing time takes longer with PRK and is also generally more uncomfortable than with LASIK. Improved vision is not noticeable for approximately one to two weeks.

Automated Lamellar Keratoplasty (ALK)
Automated Lamellar Keratoplasty involves the use of a microkeratome to reshape the cornea and produce clearer vision. ALK is used to treat large degrees of myopia and hyperopia. During the procedure the surgeon uses the microkeratome to create a flap on the outer portion of the cornea and then removes a small disc of corneal tissue. This procedure is different from both LASIK and PRK in that a laser is not used. The results of this procedure are sometimes unpredictable.

Radial Keratotomy (RK)
Radial Keratotomy was the precursor to more recent refractive surgery procedures like PRK and LASIK. It was developed by a Russian ophthalmologist and is used to treat myopia. It involves the use of a diamond scalpel blade to make four to eight spoke-like incisions on the outer portion of the cornea, causing it to flatten. The refractive change is usually difficult to predict and there is a chance the procedure will only reduce myopia, not completely correct it. Healing time is longer than with LASIK and patients will experience more discomfort.

Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments Ð Intacs
The insertion of Intacs into the eye is a surgical procedure designed to correct myopia. The procedure is performed by making an incision in the eye and inserting two semi-circular lenses. The incision is then closed with sutures that will be removed approximately one month following the surgery. The procedure is done on an outpatient basis and, unlike LASIK, PRK, ALK, and RK, is usually reversible if the patient is not satisfied with the surgery.